On April 4, 1907, Dr. C. H. Ludwig was called to attend to Chicago midwife Annie Raabe. She was suffering from the effects of a criminal abortion. She died the next day, and Dr. Ludwig reported her death to the authorities.

Another midwife, identified by the Chicago Tribune as Mrs. Phillip Hanna, was one of Annie’s friends, said she’d known nothing about the abortion. Annie’s husband, John, also denied knowing anything about the fatal abortion.

“Dr. T. J. Balhatchett is Held to Answer Murder Charge,” Chicago Daily Tribune, Apr. 5, 1907